Vitamin A is the first vitamin approved by the FDA as an anti-wrinkle agent that changes appearance of the skin surface and has anti-ageing effects. Vitamin A is in a group of fat-soluble substances and belongs to the category of retinoids. Apart from retinol, that group includes structurally related substances with the biological properties of retinol. Since the biological activity of the substances differs, for the purpose of standardisation, it is given in retinol equivalents. Vitamin A and its derivatives are among the most effective substances for slowing the ageing process. Retinoids regulate cell apoptosis, differentiation and proliferation. Anti-wrinkle properties of retinoids promote keratinocytes proliferation, strengthen the protective function of the epidermis, restrain trans epidermal water loss, protect collagen against degradation and inhibit metalloproteinases activity. Retinoid activity is related to high affinity for nuclear receptors: retinoid acid receptors and r
Review of vitamin A in skin care
Expert analysis from Dr Cuross Bakhtiari of Harley Street Cosmetic of how vitamin A metabolites are used for the treatment of various skin conditions
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In 1978, Alban Muller begins his story with plants without waiting for the natural is in vogue. Enlightened by the dangers of petrochemical derivatives, he prefers to resort to plants, renewable and beneficial resources whose properties he will study scientifically.
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